What type of encryption is used to protect data in transit, such as website traffic and remote access traffic?

Transport Layer Security (TLS) is specifically designed to protect data in transit, ensuring that communications over networks, such as the internet, are secure. TLS accomplishes this by encrypting data that travels between clients and servers, which helps to maintain confidentiality and integrity. This encryption is necessary to guard against various forms of cyber threats, including eavesdropping and tampering.

When a user connects to a website that employs TLS, their browser establishes a secure connection to the web server, allowing sensitive information, such as credit card details or personal data, to be transmitted securely. Without TLS, such data would be vulnerable to interception during transmission.

In contrast, other options do not focus specifically on data in transit. BitLocker is primarily used for encrypting data on disk drives and protecting data at rest. AES is a symmetric encryption algorithm that can be used in a variety of contexts, including data at rest and data in transit, but it is not a protocol by itself. Software Guard Extensions (SGX) is a set of hardware-based security features designed to create isolated execution environments for applications but does not directly pertain to the encryption of data in transit. Thus, TLS stands out as the correct choice for securing communications over networks.