Which strategy helps to identify weaknesses in systems before they can be exploited by attackers?

Continuous monitoring is a strategy focused on the ongoing assessment of systems to identify security weaknesses and vulnerabilities before they can be exploited by attackers. This approach typically involves real-time or frequent evaluation of security controls, system configurations, and user behavior to detect anomalies, potential threats, and compliance with security policies.

The essence of continuous monitoring lies in its proactive nature. By constantly analyzing system logs, conducting vulnerability assessments, and keeping abreast of the latest threat intelligence, organizations can swiftly address any identified weaknesses. This ongoing vigilance allows for timely responses to emerging threats and reduces the potential attack surface.

In contrast, auditing requirements typically focus on validating that certain security practices are adhered to, rather than actively monitoring for threats. A risk register is a tool for documenting and assessing risks, but it doesn't inherently provide real-time or continuous oversight. The concept of least privilege involves limiting user access rights, which is a crucial security principle, but it does not encompass the broader scope of proactive detection of system weaknesses.