Which technology integrates hardware and software into a single, low-power, high-performance unit for compact spaces?

The technology that integrates hardware and software into a single, low-power, high-performance unit designed for compact spaces is the System on Chip (SoC). A SoC combines components such as the central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), memory, and various peripheral interfaces onto a single chip. This integration allows for reduced physical space requirements and efficient power consumption, which is essential in modern electronics, especially in mobile devices and Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

Using a SoC enables manufacturers to create smaller, lighter devices with enhanced performance, as it eliminates the need for multiple separate components, thus streamlining the design process. The compact nature of SoCs allows them to be deployed in environments where space is limited, making them ideal for a wide range of applications from smartphones to embedded systems.