Which trusted execution environment (TEE) mechanism can encrypt data as it exists in memory to prevent decoding by untrusted processes?

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are security features that ensure code and data loaded within them are protected with respect to confidentiality and integrity, even when the host machine may be compromised. Software Guard Extensions (SGX) is a specific TEE mechanism developed by Intel that provides a way to execute code in a protected environment, isolating it from the rest of the operating system or any other processes that might be running on the same hardware.

One of the significant features of SGX is its ability to encrypt data while it is in use, specifically in memory. This encryption helps to prevent unauthorized access and modification by untrusted processes. By creating secure enclaves, SGX allows sensitive data and computations to be protected during processing. This ensures that even if an attacker successfully gains access to the system, they would still be unable to read or manipulate the data inside the secure enclave, as the data remains encrypted in memory.

In contrast, other options like Transport Layer Security (TLS), BitLocker, and Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) serve different security purposes. TLS primarily secures communications over networks, BitLocker is a full disk encryption tool for protecting data at rest, and IPSec is a protocol suite for securing Internet Protocol (IP) communications by encrypt